Simultaneously promoting charge and mass transports in carved particle-in-box nanoreactor for rechargeable Zn-air battery

The spatially-confined pyrolysis strategy was developed to fabricate an advanced carved particle-in-box nanoreactor with rapid charge-transfer and smooth mass transport as a robust efficient bi-functional catalyst for rechargeable Zn-air battery. • Carved ORR-OER developed. Fe-Co-Ni@NC nanocage prepared through strategy. This reversible oxygen in ZAB. Fundamental understanding of fabricating promoted electrocatalyst achieve fast mass-transport reduction reaction (ORR) evolution (OER) the rational management composition ingenious design nanostructure is highly desired but still formidable challenge. Herein, nanoreactor, composed small Fe-Co-Ni tri-metallic alloy nanoparticles confined porous nitrogen-doped carbon nanocage, Tri-metal could optimize electronic structure catalyst, thus inducing charge redistribution, then regulating adsorption desorption energy barriers intermediates electrochemical reactions. Unique nano-hole provided convenient channels transfer during ORR OER processes. Thanks these attributes, hybrid delivered decent catalytic activities, evidenced by high half-wave potential 0.850 V towards low overpotential 355 mV at 10 mA/cm 2 both alkaline electrolyte. As proof-of-concept, this as-developed enabled assembled battery deliver narrow gap 0.735 V, power density 315 mW/cm , notable specific capacity 754 mAh/g Zn excellent durability up 165 h continuous discharge operations, implying applications sophisticated model promising conversion.